How do social determinants of health directly affect patient outcomes?

The chosen answer correctly identifies how social determinants of health (SDOH) directly influence patient outcomes through access to care. SDOH encompass a range of factors including socio-economic status, education, neighborhood and physical environment, employment, and social support networks, as well as access to healthcare.

When individuals face barriers related to these determinants, such as financial constraints or lack of transportation, their ability to seek medical attention, adhere to treatment plans, and follow up for additional care diminishes. This reduced access can lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment, poorer management of chronic conditions, and ultimately worse health outcomes.

While the other options also represent important aspects of health and care management, they are not as directly connected to the overarching influence that access to care has on patient outcomes. For instance, treatment efficacy can be impacted by various factors, but it may not be as straightforwardly linked to social determinants as the access to care. Family support is crucial for patient recovery and can be influenced by social conditions, but it does not encompass all the access barriers an individual may face. Similarly, the choice of hospital can be relevant, yet it often stems from the broader context of healthcare access and availability influenced by social determinants.